M'nthaŵi yomwe kupeza madzi aukhondo ndi abwino akumwa kuli kofunika kwambiri pa thanzi ndi thanzi-, zoyeretsera pansi pa sink water filters zakhala zothandiza kwambiri m'mabanja padziko lonse lapansi. Makina ophatikizikawa, amaikidwa mochenjera pansi pa sinki yakukhitchini, amapereka njira yolunjika kumadzi oyera, omveka bwino, komanso abwinoko-okoma osadzaza ma countertops kapena kukonzanso mipope. Kuposa kukhala chinthu chapamwamba, njira zamakono zoyeretsera madzi zikufunika kwambiri, makamaka m'malo{4}omwe ali ndi mliri kumene anthu amaganizira za thanzi labwino. Pakati pa matekinoloje osiyanasiyana omwe alipo, makina monga reverse osmosis (RO) ndi ultrafiltration amapereka njira zingapo zothetsera mavuto osiyanasiyana amadzi, kukula kwa nyumba, ndi bajeti.
Core Technologies ndi System Configurations
Kuchita bwino kwa chotsukira madzi pansi pa sink kumadalira luso lake losefera. Msikawu umapereka masinthidwe angapo, chilichonse chimakhala ndi njira zake komanso zopindulitsa.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) Systems:Makina a RO ndi odziwika popereka-madzi oyera kwambiri. Chigawo cha pansi pa sink RO chimagwiritsa ntchito-masitepe ambiri. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imayamba ndi asediment pre-sefazomwe zimatchera misampha ngati mchenga, silt, ndi dzimbiri. Izi zikutsatiridwa ndi akaboni{0}}sefazomwe zimachepetsa klorini, zokonda, ndi fungo. Mtima wa dongosolo ndiRO membrane, chotchinga pang'ono-chotchinga chomwe chimachotsa zonyansa zambirimbiri zosungunuka, kuphatikizapo heavy metal, mabakiteriya, ndi mavairasi. Machitidwe ambiri amamaliza ndi apositi{{0}sefa wa kabonikupukuta kukoma kwa madzi. Machitidwe achikhalidwe a RO amasunga madzi oyeretsedwa mu thanki yopanikizidwa, pomwe ndiatsopanozitsanzo zopanda thankigwiritsani ntchito mapampu olimbikitsira potumiza pompopompo, kupulumutsa -malo ozama. Chodziwika bwino ndi RO ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi; machitidwe wamba akhoza kuwononga magaloni angapo pa galoni iliyonse yamadzi oyeretsedwa opangidwa, ngakhale matekinoloje ngati mapampu a permeate akuchepetsa vutoli.
Ultrafiltration (UF) Systems:Pazochitika zomwe kuchotsa zolimba zosungunuka sizovuta kwambiri koma kuchotsa mabakiteriya, ma cysts, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akuluakulu ndilo cholinga, machitidwe a ultrafiltration amapereka njira ina yokakamiza. Ma membrane a UF ali ndi ma pores akulu kuposa ma membrane a RO, amagwira ntchito popanda magetsi kapena kupanga madzi oyipa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito{1}}njira yabwino. Machitidwewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ophatikizika komanso osavuta kusamalira, oyenera madera omwe ali ndi madzi opangidwa ndi ma municipalities omwe amafunikira kupukuta komaliza.
Kangapo-Kusefera Kwamasiteji:Njira yotchuka komanso yotsika mtengo-ndi njira ya 3-ya siteji, yomwe imaphatikiza matope, kaboni, ndi gawo lina losefera (monga matope ocheperako kapena chipika china cha kaboni). Kukonzekera kumeneku kumachotsa bwino zowononga wamba, kumawonjezera kukoma ndi kununkhiza, ndipo kumakhala malo abwino olowera m'madzi anyumba yonse. Kuti agwire bwino ntchito, makina apamwamba kwambiri monga oyeretsa anzeru amagawo 10 amaphatikiza zosefera zapadera zingapo, monga magawo owonjezera mchere, kuti apititse patsogolo madzi kupitilira kuyeretsa.
Kuunikira Mtengo-Kugwira Ntchito: Kupitirira Mtengo Wogula
Mawu oti "mtengo-ogwira mtima" akuphatikiza osati kokha ndalama zoyambira komanso{1}}zofunika kwanthawi yayitali, kukonza, ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Ndalama Zoyamba ndi Zopangira:Makina atatu-magawo atatu a RO ndi makina ochulukirachulukira nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pamtengo wawo wotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi aukhondo azipezeka kwa anthu ambiri. Msika umathandizira izi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo, kuyambira pamakina otsika mtengo a DIY mpaka apamwamba, okhala ndi-mamodeli olemera. Komabe, mtengo weniweni umaphatikizapo zosefera. Makina okhala ndi-zingwe zotalikirapo kapena zowonetsera{{6}zosefera zanzeru zimatha kuchepetsa-zowonongera zanthawi yayitali ndi zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, makina opanda tank a RO, pomwe nthawi zina amakhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba, amachotsa mtengo ndi malo okhudzana ndi akasinja olowa m'malo.
Kuyika ndi Malo:Ubwino waukulu wa pansi pa masinki ndikuyika kwawo mwanzeru, kusunga kukongola kwa khitchini. Machitidwe ambiri amapangidwira malo osakanikirana pansi pa masinki wamba. Kuyika zovuta kumasiyanasiyana; mayunitsi ena amagulitsidwa kuti akhazikitse DIY mosavuta, pomwe ena, makamaka omwe amafunikira magetsi amapampu olimbikitsa kapena zida zanzeru, atha kupindula ndi kukhazikitsa akatswiri. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsamphamvu yamadzi yogwira ntchito(nthawi zambiri pakati pa 0.1Mpa ndi 0.4Mpa) kuwonetsetsa kuti dongosolo limagwirizana komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.
Ubwino wa Thanzi ndi Moyo Wanu:Chobweza chachikulu pazachuma ndi chitsimikizo chaumoyo. Machitidwewa amapereka chotchinga chodalirika chotsutsana ndi zowononga, zomwe zimapatsa mabanja mtendere wamaganizo. Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse amafotokoza kusintha kwakukulu mu kukoma ndi kumveka kwa madzi akumwa ndi ophika, zomwe zingalimbikitse kumwa madzi ambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyeretsedwa kumatha kukulitsa moyo wa zida monga ma ketulo ndi opanga khofi pochepetsa kuchulukana.
Zochitika Zamsika ndi Maupangiri a Ogula
Msika wapadziko lonse woyeretsa madzi ndi wosunthika, ndipo zosefera zochepera-ndizofunika kwambiri. Izi zikupita ku machitidwe anzeru, ogwira mtima, komanso ogwiritsa ntchito-ochezeka. Zinthu monga{4}zosintha mwachangu zosefera, zizindikiro zoyipitsidwa ndi digito, ndi kulumikizana zikuchulukirachulukira. Njira zogulitsira ndizolimba, zokhala ndi maziko opangira apadera omwe amatsimikizira zosankha zamtundu ndi makonda m'magawo osiyanasiyana ndi miyezo, kuphatikiza ziphaso monga CE, BV, ndi ISO.
Kwa ogula, kupanga chisankho mwanzeru ndikofunikira. Chinthu choyamba chiyenera kukhala nthawi zonsekumvetsa ubwino wa madzi a m'deralopotsatira malipoti a khalidwe la madzi. Chidziwitsochi chimayang'ana ngati dongosolo la RO (pazinthu zolimba zosungunuka kwathunthu kapena zoyipitsidwa zenizeni) kapena dongosolo la UF (loopseza zamoyo) ndiloyenera kwambiri. Zomwe muyenera kuziganizira ziyenera kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi m'nyumba tsiku lililonse (okhala ndi makina othamanga osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, 100 GPD kapena 600 GPD), opezeka pansi pa-sinki, ndi kudzipereka{7}kukonza nthawi yayitali.
Mapeto
Zoyeretsera pansi pa sink water filterer zimaoneka ngati zothandiza komanso zodula-mwala wapangodya wamakono wachitetezo chamadzi m'nyumba. Pophatikiza umisiri wotsogola wosefera monga RO ndi UF m'njira yophatikizika, -ya-yogwiritsa ntchito, amapereka phindu lowoneka bwino pakuyeretsa madzi, kukoma, ndi kusavuta. Kuyambira pa bajeti{{5}magawo atatu ochezeka-kufikira pa{7}}makina apamwamba kwambiri, msika umapereka yankho pachofunikira chilichonse ndi bajeti. Pamene luso laukadaulo likupita patsogolo komanso kuzindikira kwa ogula kukuchulukirachulukira, makinawa apitiliza kusinthika, zomwe zikupangitsa lonjezo la madzi abwino,-okoma okoma kuchokera pampopi kukhala chinthu chokhazikika komanso chotheka kupezeka m'nyumba padziko lonse lapansi. Ndalamazo zimaposa mtengo wandalama, zomwe zimathandizira mwachindunji ku thanzi, chitonthozo, ndi chitetezo cha mabanja.
